meaning of these words

I was strolling on google to find the info about these cryptic words that come with lenses and there is overwhelming info online that doesnt do justice for a layman like me. Thought I can post it here.

What is AF-S? In general terms is this lens used only for crop sensors (like EF-S in canon, remember I am moving to nikon. So, pardon me for comparision here).

What is G?

What is ED?

What is D?

What is IF?

Thanks

Canon
AFD – Arc-Form Drive
AL – Aspheric Lens
CA – Circular Aperture
CaF2 – Fluorite Element
DO – Diffractive optics
ED - Extra-low Dispersion
EF - Electronic Focus
EF-S Electronic Focus with "Short back focus"
E-M – Electronic Manual Focusing
FT-M – Full time manual focus
IF – Inner Focus
I/R – Internal or Rear Group Focusing
IS – Image Stabilization
L – Luxury
MP-E – Macro Photo Electronic
Super UD – Super Ultra-Low Dispersion glass
T/S (TS-E) – Tilt/Shift
UD – Ultra-Low Dispersion Glass
USM – Ultrasonic Motor


Nikon
AF-I – Internal Autofocus
AF-S - Focusing is driven by a "Silent Wave" motor
A/M mode – Autofocus Priority with Manual override
A-M switch – Automatic – Manual focus switch
AS - Aspherical lens elements
ASP - Aspherical lens elements
CRC - Close-Range Correction system
D - The lens provides Distance information to the camera electronically for more accurate light metering
DC - Defocus Control
DX - The lens is specifically designed for use on Nikon digital ASP-C DSLR cameras.
ED - Extra-low Dispersion
G – “Gelded”, lens has no aperture ring
IF - Internal Focus
M/A - Manual/Automatic focus mode
ML - Meniscus Protective Lens
N - Nano Crystal Coat
RD – Rounded Diaphragm
RF – Rear Focusing
SIC - Super Integrated Coating
SWM - Silent Wave Motor
VR - Vibration Reduction
Nikon | Imaging Products | NIKKOR Lens Glossary

Tamron
AD - A lens with Anomalous Dispersion
ASL - Aspherical Lens Elements
Di – Designed for full-frame or 35mm film cameras
Di II - Designed for crop sensor or APS-C format cameras
HID - High Index High Dispersion Glass element
IF - Inner Focus
LD - Low Dispersion elements
MACRO – A lens designed to prove close-focusing ability
SP - Super Performance
USD – motor
VC – Vibration Compensation
XR - High refraction index glass elements
ZL – Zoom Lock


Sigma
ASP (Aspherical Lens)
APO – Apochromatic lens element
CONV – Converter adaptable (can use a teleconverter)
DC - Designed for crop sensor or APS-C format cameras
DF - Dual Focus
DG – Designed for full-frame or 35mm film cameras
EX – Used to denote a higher grade of finish
HF – Helical Focusing
HSM - Hyper-Sonic Motor
IF – Internal Focus
OS – Optical Stabilization
RF – Rear Focus
US – Ultra Compact


Tokina
AS – Aspherical
AT-X – Advanced Technology eXtra
D – Digitally optimized coatings
DX - Designed for crop sensor or APS-C format cameras
F&R – Front and rear aspherical elements
FC – Focus clutch
FE – Floating element
HLD - High refraction, low dispersion
IF-S – Motor
IRF – Internal rear focusing
PRO – Hardened with Alumite (Armalite)
SD – Super low dispersion

Thanks Sparky

An impressive list Sparky, but regarding "meaning" for Nikon, two tiny additions (footnotes) would improve the understanding of it.

AF-S - The silent wave motor IS IN THE LENS. Other lenses (except AF-I) require a camera body with a focus motor in the body. Significance is, the entry level camera models (today, the D3300, D5300 series) do Not have the motor. So only the AF-S lenses can auto focus with the entry level cameras - other AF lenses cannot.

D lens - All lenses designed since 1991 are D lenses, including later G and AF-S lenses, etc. Those marked D just don't have any more features to say.