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Nikon DSLR Cameras
Out of Production DSLRs
D90
Fill flash with built in flash
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<blockquote data-quote="WayneF" data-source="post: 513267" data-attributes="member: 12496"><p>I put some simple comparisons at <a href="http://www.scantips.com/lights/flashbasics4.html" target="_blank">Flash pictures are Double Exposures- Outdoors</a> (at bottom of page)</p><p></p><p>The theory is this:</p><p></p><p>The camera always meters for proper exposure of ambient (except Manual mode). The flash has to use those ambient settings that it discovers are in effect ...</p><p></p><p>but</p><p></p><p>A. TTL flash mode (the real TTL mode, also selected by Spot metering) also meters for a full and proper flash exposure (like for example indoors). But outdoors, two proper exposures (sun and flash) add to 2x exposure, which is one stop overexposure of the near subject. So we have to apply manual compensation. -1.7 EV flash has been the classic value preferred in bright sun.</p><p></p><p>B. TTL BL flash mode (which is the default mode for the TTL menu, UNLESS the flash offers two menus, for TTL and for TTL BL)... it knows about this, and so in bright ambient, it will reduce the TTL metered value to be only a fill level. In bright sun, that will typically be about -2 EV flash (from what TTL metered). The number -2 does not show anywhere, but it does, and result shows it. This provides only a minimum flash for fill purpose, and it is about right. But the ambient metering was considered proper, so the two exposures added will still add to about 1/3 stop overexposure of the near subject.</p><p></p><p>So underexposing the ambient a little can aid this, but enough of it can also make the flash subject "stand out", emphasized by the flash against a darker background. This can be good if you want that effect, but it be can be bad about appearing "natural", appearing as if no flash was used. The best fill flash appears as if no flash were used, with large obvious benefit, but not appearing obvious that it was a flash.</p><p></p><p>Indoors is an exception, since the metered ambient is so dim, typically insignificant, which is why we need flash. So in A or P or Auto modes, the camera substitutes a "minimum shutter speed with flash" of 1/60 second (default, some models have a selection menu for this, to be slower), because, well, because we are using flash instead. The ambient is well underexposed, and this is NOT fill flash.</p><p></p><p>Or Slow Sync or Rear Sync allows the slow shutter speed actually metered, and we are back to needing fill flash, since the slow shutter speed exposes for the ambient.</p><p></p><p></p><p>This thread would seem better moved to the flash forum. It applies to all DSLR models, not just about a D90.</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="WayneF, post: 513267, member: 12496"] I put some simple comparisons at [URL="http://www.scantips.com/lights/flashbasics4.html"]Flash pictures are Double Exposures- Outdoors[/URL] (at bottom of page) The theory is this: The camera always meters for proper exposure of ambient (except Manual mode). The flash has to use those ambient settings that it discovers are in effect ... but A. TTL flash mode (the real TTL mode, also selected by Spot metering) also meters for a full and proper flash exposure (like for example indoors). But outdoors, two proper exposures (sun and flash) add to 2x exposure, which is one stop overexposure of the near subject. So we have to apply manual compensation. -1.7 EV flash has been the classic value preferred in bright sun. B. TTL BL flash mode (which is the default mode for the TTL menu, UNLESS the flash offers two menus, for TTL and for TTL BL)... it knows about this, and so in bright ambient, it will reduce the TTL metered value to be only a fill level. In bright sun, that will typically be about -2 EV flash (from what TTL metered). The number -2 does not show anywhere, but it does, and result shows it. This provides only a minimum flash for fill purpose, and it is about right. But the ambient metering was considered proper, so the two exposures added will still add to about 1/3 stop overexposure of the near subject. So underexposing the ambient a little can aid this, but enough of it can also make the flash subject "stand out", emphasized by the flash against a darker background. This can be good if you want that effect, but it be can be bad about appearing "natural", appearing as if no flash was used. The best fill flash appears as if no flash were used, with large obvious benefit, but not appearing obvious that it was a flash. Indoors is an exception, since the metered ambient is so dim, typically insignificant, which is why we need flash. So in A or P or Auto modes, the camera substitutes a "minimum shutter speed with flash" of 1/60 second (default, some models have a selection menu for this, to be slower), because, well, because we are using flash instead. The ambient is well underexposed, and this is NOT fill flash. Or Slow Sync or Rear Sync allows the slow shutter speed actually metered, and we are back to needing fill flash, since the slow shutter speed exposes for the ambient. This thread would seem better moved to the flash forum. It applies to all DSLR models, not just about a D90. [/QUOTE]
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Nikon DSLR Cameras
Out of Production DSLRs
D90
Fill flash with built in flash
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