No, you can't alter what settings were used to take the photo, per se, though you can alter some of the effects changes in those settings would have, such as exposure. You can't correct focus and you can't correct shutter speed. You can correct "camera shake" to a degree but the results can be hit-or-miss in my experience. You can blur things to simulate a shallow depth of field, but you can't increase it.What can't you do in post (photoshop, Lightroom, etc.) editing that you can do with the camera settings in raw? You can't alter shutter speed, for instance, or can you? ,